Originating in India and spreading to several Middle Eastern countries, traditional hookah lounges are coffee houses that also serve hookah. However, as they have gained popularity in Western cultures, many hookah bars in the United States have evolved.
What Hookah Lounges Are Like
Though not exclusively, hookah bars in the United States are commonly decorated in trendy, modern themes to appeal to young patrons. Hookah is generally smoked in small groups, so many lounges offer grouped seating with comfortable couches, benches, or even alternative seating like bean bag chairs grouped around a hookah table. Some hookah bars offer outdoor patio seating, but they are primarily indoor establishments. Most hookah lounges offer a variety of enticing tobacco flavors, from fruity flavors like apple, mango, and cherry to herbal and spicy flavors like mint and cinnamon. The flavors make hookah appealing to both smokers and nonsmokers. Though hookah may be the primary business for some establishments, hookah lounges can also be situated within restaurants, bars, and nightclubs, where alcohol and food are served in a social atmosphere. Some hookah bars provide entertainment from large flatscreen televisions and DJs to belly dancers and live music.
Hookah Lounges in the United States
While smoking bans have become more strict with increased public awareness of the dangers of tobacco smoke, hookah bars seem to be an exception as they continue to obtain indoor smoking permits. Other commercial locations that are allowed smoking permits include cigar bars and tobacco purveyors. Smoke from the burning tobacco passes through a water chamber in the hookah pipe. This cools the smoke before it’s inhaled. The tobacco used in a hookah is often flavored with sweeteners like molasses or honey to make it more palatable. Aside from tobacco, people may smoke tobacco-free herbal shisha (often a blend of tea leaves and honey) or marijuana using a hookah. Hookah lounges in the United States started out in big cities like New York and Los Angeles, eventually spreading throughout the country. Other establishments quickly caught on and started offering hookah.
Hazards of Hookah Lounges
Many young adults have taken to this form of smoking, in part because it’s considered to be a unique and acceptable way to socialize with friends, often in a fun atmosphere. Whether or not you smoke hookah, there are risks associated with simply spending time in hookah bars where others are smoking. Researchers from Johns Hopkins studied the air in several hookah bars over nine months. In particular, they measured nicotine, carbon monoxide levels, and particulate matter in hookah smoke. Their findings showed that the air in enclosed spaces where hookah is smoked is laden with carbon monoxide and breathable particulate matter from tobacco smoke—in concentrations even higher than those in public spaces where cigarette smoking is allowed. Nicotine content was not as high, but it was measurable. These findings are supported by studies of homes in which hookah is smoked indoors. One study found that homes where hookahs were smoked inside had even higher levels of air pollutants than in homes where cigarettes were smoked inside. Like the studies done in hookah bars, carbon monoxide was one of the pollutants found in higher levels in hookah-smoking households. Even rooms adjacent to where people smoked had detectable levels of carbon monoxide, which suggests that in establishments where the hookah lounge seating is separated from other areas like dance floors or dining room seating, patrons are likely still exposed to indoor pollution and secondhand smoke. Carbon monoxide exposure in the air is linked with cardiovascular and airway diseases like:
Asthma Atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries) Cardiomyopathy Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Cystic fibrosis Respiratory infections
Health Risks Associated With Smoking Hookah
The fun atmosphere of hookah bars is a big draw for many, but there are also many who try hookah because of the common misconception that hookah is a safe way to smoke tobacco. It isn’t, and some of the facts about hookah smoking may be surprising. People who smoke hookah may inhale even more toxins than people who smoke cigarettes do. This is because a hookah pipe allows you to inhale more smoke at one time. The toxic agents in hookah smoke can potentially cause a number of health conditions including:
Bladder cancer Clogged arteries Decreased fertility Esophageal cancer Heart disease Lung cancer Mouth irritation Oral cancer Reduced lung function Stomach cancer
Just as with smoking cigarettes, the babies of people who smoke hookah while pregnant are at higher risk of having a low birth weight and respiratory disease. In one study, researchers focused on 55 healthy people with some level of hookah smoking experience in the past. Participants were asked to abstain from all tobacco use for a week. They then spent an evening smoking at a hookah bar. Urine samples were collected and tested. Additionally, NNAL, which is a carcinogen that is specific to tobacco smoke, was present in participants in twice the amount as before, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), also hazardous to breathe in, were detected in elevated amounts between 14% and 91%.
A Word From Verywell
Hookah is not a safe way to smoke tobacco. Tobacco is inherently dangerous, whether smoked or used in a smokeless form. Smoking hookah inside can be even more damaging due to the effects of secondhand smoke. Additionally, all tobacco products contain nicotine, which is an addictive drug. The best way to steer clear of the risks associated with tobacco and nicotine is to avoid using tobacco products and nicotine in any form. If you already use tobacco, learn about how to get started with quitting tobacco products.
